United Nations Day

From World 24.10.2020.

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF PEACE AND SECURITY!

October somehow always reminds us of one important date, the United Nations Day, an international organization whose primary task is to maintain world peace and security. The United Nations Charter and the Statute of the International Court of Justice entered into force on 24 October 1945, after 29 countries signed ratification documents.

Since the predecessor of the United Nations, so-called League of Nations, founded in 1919, proved to be an ineffective organization because no successes were achieved in the prevention of World War II, the need arose to establish a better and more effective organization. The idea was put forward by US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill in the Atlantic Charter. They wanted to unite the anti-Hitler nations into one coalition that would maintain peace and security in the world. The idea was developed over many years and was adopted on 24 October 1945, at a conference of representatives of 50 countries in San Francisco.

Today, the United Nations has 193 member states, including the Republic of Croatia, which has been a member of the United Nations since 22 May 1992.

When a state becomes a member of the United Nations, it signs the Charter of the United Nations and undertakes to perform the prescribed duties. Pursuant to the Charter, there are four basic tasks of the UN: maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, achieving cooperation in solving international problems and problems of humanitarian rights, and harmonizing the actions of nations. The United Nations is not a global government and it does not create laws. It provides the means to resolve international conflicts and formulate guidelines for global issues and problems. In the United Nations, all member states, large and small; rich and poor; with different political views and social arrangements, have their voice in this process.

The main bodies of the UN are: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat, whose chief official is the UN Secretary-General.

The UN is based in New York, and its body, the International Court of Justice, is based in The Hague. The UN also operates through its agencies, funds and programmes such as: UNICEF, UNHCR, FAO and UNESCO.

The UN and its leadership received the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of their work for a better-organized and more peaceful world.

Prepared by: A.W.

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